Nigeria is home to some of the oldest and most revered traditional institutions in the world, where monarchs serve not just as figureheads but as custodians of history, unity, and identity.

Across towns and cities, particularly in the South-Western Yoruba-speaking region, these royal fathers preside over ancestral stools that date back centuries—many with lineages that predate colonial rule.

Unlike political leaders who come and go, Yoruba monarchs are considered spiritual leaders, often seen as the embodiment of their people’s collective memory. Once crowned, these kings are expected to serve for life, with abdication or removal seen as extremely rare.

Here are four oldest reigning monarchs in Nigeria:

1. Oba Sikiru Kayode Adetona (Awujale of Ijebuland)

Oba Sikiru Kayode Adetona ascended the throne on April 2, 1960, and has reigned for 65 years.

He is regarded as one of the most outspoken traditional rulers in the country.

The Awujale is celebrated for his commitment to the welfare of his people and his efforts to preserve the Ijebu heritage.

His reign has witnessed Nigeria’s transition from colonial rule to independence, military regimes, and the return to democratic governance.

2. Oba Lamidi Olayiwola Adeyemi III (Late Alaafin of Oyo)

Oba Lamidi Adeyemi III became the Alaafin of Oyo on January 14, 1971, and ruled for 51 years until his passing in April 2022.

He is known for his deep knowledge of Yoruba history and culture.

The late Alaafin was a respected voice in national discourse and played a significant role in promoting Yoruba unity and tradition.

3. Oba Samuel Omotunde Aladejare (Deji of Akure)

Oba Aladejare ascended the throne in 1957 and reigned for over 50 years before retiring in 1999. His tenure is remembered for the relative peace and steady growth experienced in Akure. The Deji was known for his steadfastness in upholding tradition and fostering community development.

4. Late Oba Oladunni Oyewumi (Soun of Ogbomoso)

Oba Oladunni Oyewumi ascended the throne in 1973 and reigned for approximately 48 years before his death in December 2021. Under his leadership, Ogbomoso experienced notable development and growth.

The late Soun was respected for his firm but quiet leadership style, which earned him admiration across the state and beyond.